**(a) Omitted**
**(b) General statement of budget enforcement through sequestration** This subchapter provides for budget enforcement as called for in House Concurrent Resolution 84 (105th Congress, 1st session).
**(c) Definitions** As used in this subchapter:
(1) The terms “budget authority”, “new budget authority”, “outlays”, and “deficit” have the meanings given to such terms in section 3 of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 [[2 U.S.C. 622](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title2-section622&num=0&edition=prelim)] and “discretionary spending limit” shall mean the amounts specified in [section 901 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title2-section901&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) The terms “sequester” and “sequestration” refer to or mean the cancellation of budgetary resources provided by discretionary appropriations or direct spending law.
(3) The term “breach” means, for any fiscal year, the amount (if any) by which new budget authority or outlays for that year (within a category of discretionary appropriations) is above that category’s discretionary spending limit for new budget authority or outlays for that year, as the case may be.
(4)
(A) The term “nonsecurity category” means all discretionary appropriations not included in the security category defined in subparagraph (B).
(B) The term “security category” includes discretionary appropriations associated with agency budgets for the Department of Defense, the Department of Homeland Security, the Department of Veterans Affairs, the National Nuclear Security Administration, the intelligence community management account (95–0401–0–1–054), and all budget accounts in budget function 150 (international affairs).
(C
File SHA-256: 3ac2ce9804468572dbc91e7db05561fa8298d377129ac00efac5dc3fa5f2756b. The original may include catalog metadata, neighboring provisions, or embedded records outside this collection's scope. This page displays the selected federal record. Historical editions and unverified snapshots are not a statement of current law.
Authority boundary: historical or unconfirmed source not current law verified.
Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_8a8cb0c7e7d7ed1495e74d5c Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-2/section-900-statement-of-budget-enforcement-through-sequestration-definitions--5be08f058b.md Pages: Not recorded – Not recorded Passage SHA-256: a67c780a30f8f763858e8187d21ba22a4226a209e13c3c0b5882fd83e588867d Retained source evidence SHA-256: 3ac2ce9804468572dbc91e7db05561fa8298d377129ac00efac5dc3fa5f2756b
Source location: Title 2, Chapter 20, § 900; chapter-020-emergency-powers-to-eliminate-budget-deficits.md
Stored source content
**(a) Omitted**
**(b) General statement of budget enforcement through sequestration** This subchapter provides for budget enforcement as called for in House Concurrent Resolution 84 (105th Congress, 1st session).
**(c) Definitions** As used in this subchapter:
(1) The terms “budget authority”, “new budget authority”, “outlays”, and “deficit” have the meanings given to such terms in section 3 of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 [[2 U.S.C. 622](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title2-section622&num=0&edition=prelim)] and “discretionary spending limit” shall mean the amounts specified in [section 901 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title2-section901&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) The terms “sequester” and “sequestration” refer to or mean the cancellation of budgetary resources provided by discretionary appropriations or direct spending law.
(3) The term “breach” means, for any fiscal year, the amount (if any) by which new budget authority or outlays for that year (within a category of discretionary appropriations) is above that category’s discretionary spending limit for new budget authority or outlays for that year, as the case may be.
(4)
(A) The term “nonsecurity category” means all discretionary appropriations not included in the security category defined in subparagraph (B).
(B) The term “security category” includes discretionary appropriations associated with agency budgets for the Department of Defense, the Department of Homeland Security, the Department of Veterans Affairs, the National Nuclear Security Administration, the intelligence community management account (95–0401–0–1–054), and all budget accounts in budget function 150 (international affairs).
(C) The term “discretionary category” includes all discretionary appropriations.
(D) The term “revised security category” means discretionary appropriations in budget function 050.
(E) The term “revised nonsecurity category” means discretionary appropriations other than in budget function 050.
(F) The term “category” means the subsets of discretionary appropriations in [section 901(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title2-section901/c&num=0&edition=prelim). Discretionary appropriations in each of the categories shall be those designated in the joint explanatory statement accompanying the conference report on the Balanced Budget Act of 1997. New accounts or activities shall be categorized only after consultation with the Committees on Appropriations and the Budget of the House of Representatives and the Senate and that consultation shall, to the extent practicable, include written communication to such committees that affords such committees the opportunity to comment before official action is taken with respect to new accounts or activities.
(5) The term “baseline” means the projection (described in [section 907 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title2-section907&num=0&edition=prelim)) of current-year levels of new budget authority, outlays, receipts, and the surplus or deficit into the budget year and the outyears.
(6) The term “budgetary resources” means new budget authority, unobligated balances, direct spending authority, and obligation limitations.
(7) The term “discretionary appropriations” means budgetary resources (except to fund direct-spending programs) provided in appropriation Acts.
(8) The term “direct spending” means—
(A) budget authority provided by law other than appropriation Acts;
(B) entitlement authority; and
(C) the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program.
(9) The term “current” means, with respect to OMB estimates included with a budget submission under [section 1105(a) of title 31](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section1105/a&num=0&edition=prelim), the estimates consistent with the economic and technical assumptions underlying that budget and with respect to estimates made after that budget submission that are not included with it, estimates consistent with the economic and technical assumptions underlying the most recently submitted President’s budget.
(10) The term “real economic growth”, with respect to any fiscal year, means the growth in the gross national product during such fiscal year, adjusted for inflation, consistent with Department of Commerce definitions.
(11) The term “account” means an item for which appropriations are made in any appropriation Act and, for items not provided for in appropriation Acts, such term means an item for which there is a designated budget account identification code number in the President’s budget.
(12) The term “budget year” means, with respect to a session of Congress, the fiscal year of the Government that starts on October 1 of the calendar year in which that session begins.
(13) The term “current year” means, with respect to a budget year, the fiscal year that immediately precedes that budget year.
(14) The term “outyear” means a fiscal year one or more years after the budget year.
(15) The term “OMB” means the Director of the Office of Management and Budget.
(16) The term “CBO” means the Director of the Congressional Budget Office.
(17) As used in this subchapter, all references to entitlement authority shall include the list of mandatory appropriations included in the joint explanatory statement of managers accompanying the conference report on the Balanced Budget Act of 1997.
(18) The term “deposit insurance” refers to the expenses of the Federal deposit insurance agencies, and other Federal agencies supervising insured depository institutions, resulting from full funding of, and continuation of, the deposit insurance guarantee commitment in effect under current estimates.
(19) The term “asset sale” means the sale to the public of any asset (except for those assets covered by title V of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 [[2 U.S.C. 661](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title2-section661&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.]), whether physical or financial, owned in whole or in part by the United States.
(20) The term “emergency” means a situation that—
(A) requires new budget authority and outlays (or new budget authority and the outlays flowing therefrom) for the prevention or mitigation of, or response to, loss of life or property, or a threat to national security; and
(B) is unanticipated.
(21) The term “unanticipated” means that the underlying situation is—
(A) sudden, which means quickly coming into being or not building up over time;
(B) urgent, which means a pressing and compelling need requiring immediate action;
(C) unforeseen, which means not predicted or anticipated as an emerging need; and
(D) temporary, which means not of a permanent duration.
Cross-references
Connections may be documented source relationships, shared citations or nearby passages. Each explains its basis; a connection alone does not establish applicability to your situation.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Effect on other laws** This subchapter shall supersede, modify, or repeal any provision of law enacted prior to November 5, 1990, to the extent such provision is inconsistent with this subchapter. Nothing in this subchapter shall be construed to establish a credit limitation on any Federal loan or loan guarantee program.
**(b) Crediting of collections** Collections resulting from direct loans obligated or loan guarantees committed prior to October 1, 1991, shall be credited to the liquidating accounts of Federal agencies. Amounts so credited shall be available, to the same extent that they were available prior to November 5, 1990, to liquidate obligations arising from such direct loans obligated or loan guarantees committed prior to October 1, 1991, including repayment of any obligations held by the Secretary of the Treasury or the Federal Financing Bank. The unobligated balances of such accounts that are in excess of current needs shall be transferred to the general fund of the Treasury. Such transfers shall be made from time to time but, at least once each year.
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. The source passage cites 2 U.S.C. § 622. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
§ 622. Definitions
For purposes of this Act—
(1) The terms ‘‘budget outlays’’ and ‘‘out-
lays’’ mean, with respect to any fiscal year,
expenditures and net lending of funds under
budget authority during such year.
(2) BUDGET AUTHORITY AND NEW BUDGET AU-
THORITY.—
(A) IN
GENERAL.—The term ‘‘budget au-
thority’’ means the authority provided by
Federal law to incur financial obligations, as
follows:
(i) provisions of law that make funds
available for obligation and expenditure
(other than borrowing authority), includ-
ing the authority to obligate and expend
the proceeds of offsetting receipts and col-
lections;
(ii) borrowing authority, which means
authority granted to a Federal entity to
borrow and obligate and expend the bor-
rowed
funds,
including
through
the
issuance of promissory notes or other mon-
etary credits;
Page 175
TITLE 2—THE CONGRESS
§ 622
1 So in original. Probably should be ‘‘as’’.
2 So in original. Probably should be ‘‘exceed’’.
(iii) contract authority, which means the
making of funds available for obligation
but not for expenditure; and
(iv) offsetting receipts and collections as
negative budget authority, and the reduc-
tion thereof as positive budget authority.
(B) LIMITATIONS
ON
BUDGET
AUTHORITY.—
With respect to the Federal Hospital Insur-
ance Trust Fund, the Supplementary Med-
ical Insurance Trust Fund, the Unemploy-
ment Trust Fund, and the railroad retire-
ment account, any amount that is precluded
from obligation in a fiscal year by a provi-
sion of law (such as a limitation or a benefit
formula) shall not be budget authority in
that year.
(C) NEW
BUDGET
AUTHORITY.—The term
‘‘new budget authority’’ means, with respect
to a fiscal year—
(i) budget authority that first becomes
available for obligation in that ye
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. The source passage cites 2 U.S.C. § 622. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Enforcement in House of Representatives** It shall not be in order in the House of Representatives to consider a rule or order that waives the application of [section 658d of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title2-section658d&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(b) Disposition of points of order**
(1) **Application to House of Representatives** — This subsection shall apply only to the House of Representatives.
(2) **Threshold burden** — In order to be cognizable by the Chair, a point of order under [section 658d of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title2-section658d&num=0&edition=prelim) or subsection (a) of this section must specify the precise language on which it is premised.
(3) **Question of consideration** — As disposition of points of order under [section 658d of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title2-section658d&num=0&edition=prelim) or subsection (a) of this section, the Chair shall put the question of consideration with respect to the proposition that is the subject of the points of order.
(4) **Debate and intervening motions** — A question of consideration under this section shall be debatable for 10 minutes by each Member initiating a point of order and for 10 minutes by an opponent on each point of order, but shall otherwise be decided without intervening motion except one that the House adjourn or that the Committee of the Whole rise, as the case may be.
(5) **Effect on amendment in order as original text** — The disposition of the question of consideration under this subsection with respect to a bill or joint resolution shall be considered also to determine the question of consideration under this subsection with respect to an amendm
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. The source passage cites 2 U.S.C. § 661. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
§ 661. Purposes
The purposes of this subchapter are to—
(1) measure more accurately the costs of
Federal credit programs;
(2) place the cost of credit programs on a
budgetary basis equivalent to other Federal
spending;
(3) encourage the delivery of benefits in the
form most appropriate to the needs of bene-
ficiaries; and
(4) improve the allocation of resources
among credit programs and between credit and
other spending programs.
(Pub. L. 93–344, title V, § 501, as added Pub. L.
101–508, title XIII, § 13201(a), Nov. 5, 1990, 104
Stat. 1388–610.)
Editorial Notes
PRIOR PROVISIONS
A prior section 661, Pub. L. 93–344, title VI, § 606, July
12, 1974, 88 Stat. 325, directed that Budget Committees
of House and Senate study, on a continuing basis, any
provisions of law which exempt agencies or programs
from inclusion in the budget and make recommenda-
tions from time to time with regard to terminating or
modifying such provisions, prior to repeal by Pub. L.
99–177, title II, §§ 223, 275(a)(1), Dec. 12, 1985, 99 Stat.
1060, 1100, effective Dec. 12, 1985, and applicable with re-
spect to fiscal years beginning after Sept. 30, 1985.
A prior section 501 of Pub. L. 93–344, title V, July 12,
1974, 88 Stat. 321, was classified to section 1020 of former
Title 31, prior to repeal and reenactment as section 1102
of Title 31, Money and Finance, by Pub. L. 97–258, § 5(b),
Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1068, the first section of which
enacted Title 31.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
SHORT TITLE
For short title of title V of Pub. L. 93–344, which en-
acted this subchapter, as the ‘‘Federal Credit Reform
Act of 1990’’, see section 500 of Pub. L. 93–344, set out as
a note under section 621 of this title.
§ 661a. Definitions
For purposes of this subchapte
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. The source passage cites 2 U.S.C. § 661. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
§ 900. Statement of budget enforcement through
sequestration; definitions
(a) Omitted
(b) General statement of budget enforcement
through sequestration
This subchapter provides for budget enforce-
ment as called for in House Concurrent Resolu-
tion 84 (105th Congress, 1st session).
(c) Definitions
As used in this subchapter:
(1) The terms ‘‘budget authority’’, ‘‘new
budget authority’’, ‘‘outlays’’, and ‘‘deficit’’
have the meanings given to such terms in sec-
tion 3 of the Congressional Budget and Im-
poundment Control Act of 1974 [2 U.S.C. 622]
and ‘‘discretionary spending limit’’ shall mean
the amounts specified in section 901 of this
title.
(2) The terms ‘‘sequester’’ and ‘‘sequestra-
tion’’ refer to or mean the cancellation of
budgetary resources provided by discretionary
appropriations or direct spending law.
Page 233
TITLE 2—THE CONGRESS
§ 900
(3) The term ‘‘breach’’ means, for any fiscal
year, the amount (if any) by which new budget
authority or outlays for that year (within a
category of discretionary appropriations) is
above that category’s discretionary spending
limit for new budget authority or outlays for
that year, as the case may be.
(4)(A) The term ‘‘nonsecurity category’’
means all discretionary appropriations not in-
cluded in the security category defined in sub-
paragraph (B).
(B) The term ‘‘security category’’ includes
discretionary appropriations associated with
agency budgets for the Department of Defense,
the Department of Homeland Security, the De-
partment of Veterans Affairs, the National
Nuclear Security Administration, the intel-
ligence
community
management
account
(95–0401–0–1–054), and all budget accounts in
budget function 150 (international affairs).
(C) The term ‘‘discretionary category’’ in-
cludes