165.002 Definitions for ORS 165.002 to 165.070. As used in ORS 165.002 to 165.027, and 165.032 to 165.070, unless the context requires otherwise:
(1) “Written instrument” means any paper, document, instrument, article or electronic record containing written or printed matter or the equivalent thereof, whether complete or incomplete, used for the purpose of reciting, embodying, conveying or recording information or constituting a symbol or evidence of value, right, privilege or identification, which is capable of being used to the advantage or disadvantage of some person.
(2) “Complete written instrument” means one which purports to be a genuine written instrument fully drawn with respect to every essential feature thereof.
(3) “Incomplete written instrument” means one which contains some matter by way of content or authentication but which requires additional matter in order to render it a complete written instrument.
(4) To “falsely make” a written instrument means to make or draw a complete written instrument in its entirety, or an incomplete written instrument which purports to be an authentic creation of its ostensible maker, but which is not, either because the ostensible maker is fictitious or because, if real, the ostensible maker did not authorize the making or drawing thereof.
(5) To “falsely complete” a written instrument means to transform, by adding, inserting or changing matter, an incomplete written instrument into a complete one, without the authority of anyone entitled to grant it, so that the complete written instrument falsely appears or purports to be in all respects an authentic creation of its ostensible maker or authorized by the ostensible maker.
(6) To “falsely alter” a written instrument means to change, without authorization by anyone ent
Stored review status: 2025_edition_later_amendments_unresolved. A text match is a research starting point; applicability is not established.
Official chapter context and edition notices
Chapter 165 — Offenses Involving Fraud or Deception
ORS sections in this chapter were amended or repealed by the Legislative Assembly during its 2026 regular session. See the table of ORS sections amended or repealed during the 2026 regular session: 2026 A&R Tables
New sections of law were added by legislative action to this ORS chapter or to a series within this ORS chapter by the Legislative Assembly during its 2026 regular session. See sections in the following 2026 Oregon Laws chapters: 2026 Session Laws 0067
New sections of law were enacted by the Legislative Assembly during its 2026 regular session and pertain to or are likely to be compiled in this ORS chapter. See sections in the following 2026 Oregon Laws chapters: 2026 Session Laws 0067
2025 EDITION
OFFENSES INVOLVING FRAUD OR DECEPTION
CRIMES AND PUNISHMENTS
FORGERY AND RELATED OFFENSES
BUSINESS AND COMMERCIAL OFFENSES
CRIMES INVOLVING COMMUNICATIONS
CELLULAR TELEPHONES
USE OF PEN REGISTERS AND TRAP AND TRACE DEVICES
FALSE CLAIMS FOR HEALTH CARE PAYMENTS
IDENTITY THEFT AND RELATED OFFENSES
MISCELLANEOUS
PENALTIES
FORGERY AND RELATED OFFENSES
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Stable record: oregon_criminal_law:legal_authorities:165.002 Source file: ors165.html Pages: Not recorded – Not recorded Passage SHA-256: 29f1478e56337fc22c1b771af15b2a3c2560480ccfdffe3e5a7f5bc4e5fbd6f2 Retained source evidence SHA-256: 9fea7d88eb20c311fc9ee822d99fcb84f3a12a84e925c1144ae19fbc9a2a2b10
Source location: ORS 165.002 (all printed versions and notes)
Stored source content
165.002 Definitions for ORS 165.002 to 165.070. As used in ORS 165.002 to 165.027, and 165.032 to 165.070, unless the context requires otherwise:
(1) “Written instrument” means any paper, document, instrument, article or electronic record containing written or printed matter or the equivalent thereof, whether complete or incomplete, used for the purpose of reciting, embodying, conveying or recording information or constituting a symbol or evidence of value, right, privilege or identification, which is capable of being used to the advantage or disadvantage of some person.
(2) “Complete written instrument” means one which purports to be a genuine written instrument fully drawn with respect to every essential feature thereof.
(3) “Incomplete written instrument” means one which contains some matter by way of content or authentication but which requires additional matter in order to render it a complete written instrument.
(4) To “falsely make” a written instrument means to make or draw a complete written instrument in its entirety, or an incomplete written instrument which purports to be an authentic creation of its ostensible maker, but which is not, either because the ostensible maker is fictitious or because, if real, the ostensible maker did not authorize the making or drawing thereof.
(5) To “falsely complete” a written instrument means to transform, by adding, inserting or changing matter, an incomplete written instrument into a complete one, without the authority of anyone entitled to grant it, so that the complete written instrument falsely appears or purports to be in all respects an authentic creation of its ostensible maker or authorized by the ostensible maker.
(6) To “falsely alter” a written instrument means to change, without authorization by anyone entitled to grant it, a written instrument, whether complete or incomplete, by means of erasure, obliteration, deletion, insertion of new matter, transposition of matter, or in any other manner, so that the instrument so altered falsely appears or purports to be in all respects an authentic creation of its ostensible maker or authorized by the ostensible maker.
(7) To “utter” means to issue, deliver, publish, circulate, disseminate, transfer or tender a written instrument or other object to another.
(8) “Forged instrument” means a written instrument which has been falsely made, completed or altered.
(9) “Electronic record” has the meaning given that term in ORS 84.004.
(10) “Signature” includes, but is not limited to, an electronic signature, as defined in ORS 84.004. [1971 c.743 §151; 2001 c.535 §27]
Cross-references
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Oregon criminal law — ORS Title 16 (2025 snapshot) · legal_authorities
161.067 Determining punishable offenses for violation of multiple statutory provisions, multiple victims or repeated violations. (1)(a) When the same conduct or criminal episode violates two or more statutory provisions and each provision requires proof of an element that the others do not, there are as many separately punishable offenses as there are separate statutory violations.
(b) Notwithstanding ORS 132.586, 163.160 and 163.190 and paragraph (a) of this subsection, a pleading, admission or finding that criminal conduct constitutes a crime involving domestic violence, as defined in ORS 135.230, is not an element for purposes of this section.
(2) When the same conduct or criminal episode, though violating only one statutory provision involves two or more victims, there are as many separately punishable offenses as there are victims. However, two or more persons owning joint interests in real or personal property shall be considered a single victim for purposes of determining the number of separately punishable offenses if the property is the subject of one of the following crimes:
(a) Theft as defined in ORS 164.015.
(b) Unauthorized use of a vehicle as defined in ORS 164.135.
(c) Criminal possession of rented or leased personal property as defined in ORS 164.140.
(d) Criminal possession of a rented or leased motor vehicle as defined in ORS 164.138.
(e) Burglary as defined in ORS 164.215 or 164.225.
(f) Criminal trespass as defined in ORS 164.243, 164.245, 164.255, 164.265 or 164.278.
(g) Arson and related offenses as defined in ORS 164.315, 164.325 or 164.335.
(h) Forgery and related offenses as defined in ORS 165.002 to 165.070.
(3) When the same conduct or criminal episode violates only one statutory provision and involves only one victim, but neverthe