§ 1949. Graduation of borrowers with operating
loans or guarantees to private commercial
credit
The Secretary shall establish a plan, in coordi-
nation with activities under sections 2006a,
2006b, 2006c, and 2006d of this title, to encourage
each borrower with an outstanding loan under
this subchapter or with respect to whom there is
an outstanding guarantee under this subchapter
to graduate to private commercial or other
sources of credit.
(Pub. L. 87–128, title III, § 319, as added Pub. L.
102–554, § 9, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4150; amended
Pub. L. 104–127, title VI, § 617, Apr. 4, 1996, 110
Stat. 1090; Pub. L. 113–79, title V, § 5107, Feb. 7,
2014, 128 Stat. 838.)
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
2014—Pub. L. 113–79 struck out subsec. (a) designation
and heading before ‘‘The Secretary’’ and struck out
Page 1113
TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE
§ 1961
subsec. (b) which related to limitation on period bor-
rowers were eligible for guaranteed assistance under
this subchapter and contained transition rule.
1996—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–127 added subsec. (b) and
struck out former subsec. (b) which provided for limita-
tion on period for which borrowers were eligible for as-
sistance under this subchapter and contained transi-
tion rule.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
SUSPENSION OF LIMITATION ON PERIOD FOR WHICH BOR-
ROWERS ARE ELIGIBLE FOR GUARANTEED ASSISTANCE
Pub. L. 107–171, title V, § 5102, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat.
343, as amended by Pub. L. 109–467, § 1, Dec. 22, 2006, 120
Stat. 3485; Pub. L. 110–234, title V, § 5103, May 22, 2008,
122 Stat. 1146; Pub. L. 110–246, § 4(a), title V, § 5103, June
18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1908, provided for the suspension
of former 7 U.S.C. 1949(b) limitation on period bor-
rowers were eligible for guaranteed assist
File SHA-256: a9ffa3b586153e598852fb7eb891098ebc03053878dd59088f04e43a539f6189. The original may include catalog metadata, neighboring provisions, or embedded records outside this collection's scope. This page displays the selected federal record. Historical editions and unverified snapshots are not a statement of current law.
Authority boundary: historical or unconfirmed source not current law verified.
Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:uscode2024_1ba479ce067e03dd93392e29 Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code-2024/title-7/section-1949-graduation-of-borrowers-with-operating--3e94a142ef.md Pages: Not recorded – Not recorded Passage SHA-256: 29062e678ac58c9759cd92b2d8676030f4222a0185a6e334052f2ffc6ea65306 Retained source evidence SHA-256: a9ffa3b586153e598852fb7eb891098ebc03053878dd59088f04e43a539f6189
Page 1112
TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE
§§ 1947, 1948
(c) Line-of-credit loans
(1) In general
A loan made or guaranteed by the Secretary
under this subchapter may be in the form of a
line-of-credit loan.
(2) Term
A line-of-credit loan under paragraph (1)
shall terminate not later than 5 years after
the date that the loan is made or guaranteed.
(3) Eligibility
For purposes of determining eligibility for a
farm operating loan under this subchapter,
each year during which a farmer or rancher
takes an advance or draws on a line-of-credit
loan the farmer or rancher shall be considered
to have received an operating loan for 1 year.
(4) Termination of delinquent loans
If a borrower does not pay an installment on
a line-of-credit loan on schedule, the borrower
may not take an advance or draw on the line-
of-credit, unless the Secretary determines
that—
(A) the borrower’s failure to pay on sched-
ule was due to unusual conditions that the
borrower could not control; and
(B) the borrower will reduce the line-of-
credit balance to the scheduled level at the
end of—
(i) the production cycle; or
(ii) the marketing of the borrower’s agri-
cultural products.
(5) Agricultural commodities
A line-of-credit loan may be used to finance
the production or marketing of an agricul-
tural commodity that—
(A) is eligible for a price support program
of the Department of Agriculture; or
(B) was eligible for a price support pro-
gram of the Department of Agriculture on
the day before April 4, 1996.
(Pub. L. 87–128, title III, § 316, Aug. 8, 1961, 75
Stat. 311; Pub. L. 90–488, § 10, Aug. 15, 1968, 82
Stat. 771; Pub. L. 95–334, title I, § 117, Aug. 4, 1978,
92 Stat. 426; Pub. L. 97–35, title I, § 160(b), Aug.
13, 1981, 95 Stat. 377; Pub. L. 98–258, title VI,
§ 604(b), Apr. 10, 1984, 98 Stat. 139; Pub. L. 101–624,
title XVIII, § 1803(b), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3818;
Pub. L. 104–127, title VI, §§ 614, 661(g), Apr. 4, 1996,
110 Stat. 1089, 1107; Pub. L. 113–79, title V,
§ 5106(b)(3), Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 838.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
Paragraph (3), referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was re-
pealed by Pub. L. 104–127, title VI, § 661(g), Apr. 4, 1996,
110 Stat. 1107.
Section 2279(e) of this title, referred to in subsec.
(a)(2), was redesignated section 2279(a) of this title by
section 12301(b)(3) of Pub. L. 115–334.
AMENDMENTS
2014—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 113–79 inserted ‘‘a
microloan to a beginning farmer or rancher or veteran
farmer or rancher (as defined in section 2279(e) of this
title), or’’ after ‘‘The interest rate on’’.
1996—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 104–127, § 661(g), struck
out par. (3) which read as follows: ‘‘The interest rate on
any loan (other than a guaranteed loan) made or in-
sured under clause (5) of section 1942(a) of this title for
activities that involve the use of prime farmland as de-
fined in section 1927(a)(6)(C) of this title shall be the in-
terest rate otherwise applicable under this section in-
creased by 2 per centum per annum.’’
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 104–127, § 614, added subsec. (c).
1990—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 101–624 amended par. (2)
generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) read as follows:
‘‘The interest rate on any loan (other than a guaran-
teed loan) to a low-income, limited resource borrower
under this subchapter shall be the interest rate other-
wise applicable under this section reduced by 3 per cen-
tum per annum.’’
1984—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98–258 inserted ‘‘(or, in the
case of loans for farm operating purposes, fifteen
years)’’ and substituted ‘‘Except as otherwise provided
for farm loans under section 1981b of this title, the in-
terest rate’’ for ‘‘The interest rate’’.
1981—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 97–35 redesignated existing
provisions as par. (1), inserted reference to loans guar-
anteed under pars. (2) and (3), and added pars. (2) and
(3).
1978—Pub. L. 95–334 designated existing provisions as
subsec. (a), inserted provisions relating to depositing of
charges and provisions relating to interest rates on
guaranteed loans, struck out provisions relating to
payment and renewal of loans, and added subsec. (b).
1968—Pub. L. 90–488 substituted provisions for deter-
mination of interest rate by taking into consideration
current average market yield on outstanding market-
able obligations of the United States with remaining
periods to maturity comparable to the average matu-
rities of the loans, adjusted to the nearest one-eighth of
1 per centum, plus not to exceed 1 per centum per
annum as determined by the Secretary, for former pro-
hibition of an interest rate exceeding 5 per centum per
annum.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1981 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 97–35 applicable to loans made
after Sept. 30, 1981, see section 160(c) of Pub. L. 97–35,
set out as a note under section 1927 of this title.
§§ 1947, 1948. Repealed. Pub. L. 104–127, title VI,
§§ 615, 616(a), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1090
Section 1947, Pub. L. 87–128, title III, § 317, as added
Pub. L. 92–419, title I, § 123, Aug. 30, 1972, 86 Stat. 665, re-
lated to insured operating loans.
Section 1948, Pub. L. 87–128, title III, § 318, as added
Pub. L. 102–554, § 8, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4146, related
to special assistance to certain qualified beginning
farmers and ranchers.
§ 1949. Graduation of borrowers with operating
loans or guarantees to private commercial
credit
The Secretary shall establish a plan, in coordi-
nation with activities under sections 2006a,
2006b, 2006c, and 2006d of this title, to encourage
each borrower with an outstanding loan under
this subchapter or with respect to whom there is
an outstanding guarantee under this subchapter
to graduate to private commercial or other
sources of credit.
(Pub. L. 87–128, title III, § 319, as added Pub. L.
102–554, § 9, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4150; amended
Pub. L. 104–127, title VI, § 617, Apr. 4, 1996, 110
Stat. 1090; Pub. L. 113–79, title V, § 5107, Feb. 7,
2014, 128 Stat. 838.)
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
2014—Pub. L. 113–79 struck out subsec. (a) designation
and heading before ‘‘The Secretary’’ and struck out
Page 1113
TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE
§ 1961
subsec. (b) which related to limitation on period bor-
rowers were eligible for guaranteed assistance under
this subchapter and contained transition rule.
1996—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–127 added subsec. (b) and
struck out former subsec. (b) which provided for limita-
tion on period for which borrowers were eligible for as-
sistance under this subchapter and contained transi-
tion rule.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
SUSPENSION OF LIMITATION ON PERIOD FOR WHICH BOR-
ROWERS ARE ELIGIBLE FOR GUARANTEED ASSISTANCE
Pub. L. 107–171, title V, § 5102, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat.
343, as amended by Pub. L. 109–467, § 1, Dec. 22, 2006, 120
Stat. 3485; Pub. L. 110–234, title V, § 5103, May 22, 2008,
122 Stat. 1146; Pub. L. 110–246, § 4(a), title V, § 5103, June
18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1908, provided for the suspension
of former 7 U.S.C. 1949(b) limitation on period bor-
rowers were eligible for guaranteed assistance, begin-
ning Jan. 1, 2002, and ending Dec. 31, 2010.
SUBCHAPTER III—EMERGENCY LOANS
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EMERGENCY AGRICULTURAL CREDIT
Pub. L. 95–334, title II, §§ 201–211, Aug. 4, 1978, 92 Stat.
429–433, as amended by Pub. L. 96–220, § 1, Mar. 30, 1980,
94 Stat. 129; Pub. L. 97–98, title XVI, § 1605, Dec. 22, 1981,
95 Stat. 1346; Pub. L. 98–258, title VI, § 603, Apr. 10, 1984,
98 Stat. 139; Pub. L. 99–198, title XIII, § 1310(b), Dec. 23,
1985, 99 Stat. 1523, which authorized the Secretary of
Agriculture to insure or guarantee loans to (1) bona
fide farmers and ranchers who were primarily and di-
rectly engaged in agricultural production and who were
citizens of the United States and (2) farm cooperatives
and private domestic corporations and partnerships
that were primarily and directly engaged in agricul-
tural production and in which a majority interest was
held by members, stockholders, or partners, as applica-
ble, who themselves were citizens of the United States
and were primarily and directly engaged in agricul-
tural production, if the applicant for such loan: (A) had
the experience or training and resources necessary to
assure a reasonable prospect for successful operation
with the assistance of such loan; (B) needed such credit
in order to maintain a viable agricultural production
operation; and (C) was not able to obtain sufficient
credit elsewhere due to economic stresses, such as a
general tightening of agricultural credit or an unfavor-
able relationship between production costs and prices
received for agricultural commodities; and which pro-
vided requirements as to purposes of loans, loan limits,
interest rates, repayment period, loan certifications
and conditions, loan security, funding, maximum
amount of outstanding loans, full faith and credit of
the United States, issuance of certificates of beneficial
ownership, assignment of contracts of guarantee, geo-
graphical availability, the conduct of a study and re-
port on the program, and termination of authority to
make new contracts of insurance or guarantee on Sept.
30, 1982, except with respect to the economic emergency
loan program operated from Dec. 22, 1983, to Sept. 30,
1984, was repealed by Pub. L. 101–624, title XVIII, § 1851,
Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3837.
EMERGENCY LIVESTOCK CREDIT
Pub. L. 93–357, July 25, 1974, 88 Stat. 391, as amended
by Pub. L. 94–35, § 1, June 16, 1975, 89 Stat. 213; Pub. L.
94–517, Oct. 15, 1976, 90 Stat. 2446; Pub. L. 95–334, title
III, § 301, Aug. 4, 1978, 92 Stat. 433; Pub. L. 96–470, title
I, § 102(d), Oct. 19, 1980, 94 Stat. 2237, authorized the Sec-
retary of Agriculture to provide financial assistance to
bona fide farmers and ranchers, including bona fide
farmers or ranchers owning livestock that were fed in
custom feedyards, who were primarily and directly en-
gaged in agricultural production and who had substan-
tial operations in breeding, raising, fattening, or mar-
keting livestock, and to corporations or partnerships
when a majority interest in such corporations or part-
nerships was held by stockholders or partners who
themselves were primarily and directly engaged in such
agricultural production and required the Secretary to
guarantee loans, including both principal and interest,
made by any legally organized lending agency. The pro-
visions also provided requirements as to loan limits,
fees or charges, interest rates, repayment period, loan
certifications and conditions, loan security, maximum
amount of outstanding loans, exclusion from budget to-
tals, full faith and credit of the United States, issuance
of certificates of beneficial ownership, assignment of
contracts of guarantee, rules and regulations, and ter-
mination of authority to make new guarantees on Sept.
30, 1979.
§ 1961. Eligibility for loans
(a) Persons eligible
The Secretary shall make and insure loans
under this subchapter only to the extent and in
such amounts as provided in advance in appro-
priation Acts to (1) established farmers or
ranchers (including equine farmers or ranchers),
or persons engaged in aquaculture, who are citi-
zens of the United States and who are (in the
case of farm ownership loans in accordance with
subchapter I) owner-operators or operators, or
(in the case of loans for a purpose under sub-
chapter II) operators of not larger than family
farms, and (2) farm cooperatives, private domes-
tic corporations, partnerships, joint operations,
trusts, or limited liability companies, or such
other legal entities as the Secretary considers
appropriate (A) that are engaged primarily in
farming or ranching (including equine farming
or ranching) or aquaculture, and (B) in which a
majority interest is held by individuals who are
citizens of the United States and who are (in the
case of farm ownership loans in accordance with
subchapter I) owner-operators or operators, or
(in the case of loans for a purpose under sub-
chapter II) operators of not larger than family
farms (or in the case of such cooperatives, cor-
porations, partnerships, joint operations, trusts,
or limited liability companies, or other legal en-
tities in which a majority interest is held by in-
dividuals who are related by blood or marriage,
as defined by the Secretary, such individuals
must be either owners or operators of not larger
than a family farm and at least one such indi-
vidual must be an operator of not larger than a
family farm), where the Secretary finds that the
applicants’ farming, ranching, or aquaculture
operations have been substantially affected by a
quarantine imposed by the Secretary under the
Plant Protection Act [7 U.S.C. 7701 et seq.] or
the animal quarantine laws (as defined in sec-
tion 136a of title 21), a natural disaster in the
United States, or a major disaster or emergency
designated by the President under the Robert T.
Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assist-
ance Act (42 U.S.C. 5121 et seq.): Provided, That
they have experience and resources necessary to
assure a reasonable prospect for successful oper-
ation with the assistance of such loan and are
not able to obtain sufficient credit elsewhere. In
addition to the foregoing requirements of this
subsection, in the case of farm cooperatives, pri-
vate domestic corporations, partnerships, joint
operations, trusts, limited liability companies,
and such other legal entities, the family farm
Cross-references
Connections may be documented source relationships, shared citations or nearby passages. Each explains its basis; a connection alone does not establish applicability to your situation.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The Congress hereby finds and declares that—
(1) because disasters often cause loss of life, human suffering, loss of income, and property loss and damage; and
(2) because disasters often disrupt the normal functioning of governments and communities, and adversely affect individuals and families with great severity;
special measures, designed to assist the efforts of the affected States in expediting the rendering of aid, assistance, and emergency services, and the reconstruction and rehabilitation of devastated areas, are necessary.
**(b)** It is the intent of the Congress, by this chapter, to provide an orderly and continuing means of assistance by the Federal Government to State and local governments in carrying out their responsibilities to alleviate the suffering and damage which result from such disasters by—
(1) revising and broadening the scope of existing disaster relief programs;
(2) encouraging the development of comprehensive disaster preparedness and assistance plans, programs, capabilities, and organizations by the States and by local governments;
(3) achieving greater coordination and responsiveness of disaster preparedness and relief programs;
(4) encouraging individuals, States, and local governments to protect themselves by obtaining insurance coverage to supplement or replace governmental assistance;
(5) encouraging hazard mitigation measures to reduce losses from disasters, including development of land use and construction regulations;
(6) providing Federal assistance programs for both public and private losses sustained in disasters; and
(7) identifying and improving the climate and natural hazard resilience of vulnerable communities.
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. The source passage cites 42 U.S.C. § 5121. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
§ 5121. Congressional findings and declarations
(a) The Congress hereby finds and declares
that—
(1) because disasters often cause loss of life,
human suffering, loss of income, and property
loss and damage; and
(2) because disasters often disrupt the nor-
mal functioning of governments and commu-
nities, and adversely affect individuals and
families with great severity;
special measures, designed to assist the efforts
of the affected States in expediting the ren-
dering of aid, assistance, and emergency serv-
ices, and the reconstruction and rehabilitation
of devastated areas, are necessary.
(b) It is the intent of the Congress, by this
chapter, to provide an orderly and continuing
means of assistance by the Federal Government
to State and local governments in carrying out
their responsibilities to alleviate the suffering
and damage which result from such disasters
by—
(1) revising and broadening the scope of ex-
isting disaster relief programs;
(2) encouraging the development of com-
prehensive disaster preparedness and assist-
ance plans, programs, capabilities, and organi-
zations by the States and by local govern-
ments;
(3) achieving greater coordination and re-
sponsiveness of disaster preparedness and re-
lief programs;
(4) encouraging individuals, States, and local
governments to protect themselves by obtain-
ing insurance coverage to supplement or re-
place governmental assistance;
(5) encouraging hazard mitigation measures
to reduce losses from disasters, including de-
velopment of land use and construction regu-
lations;
(6) providing Federal assistance programs
for both public and private losses sustained in
disasters; and
(7) identifying and improving the climate
and natural hazard resilience of vulnerable
communities.
(Pub. L.
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. The source passage cites 42 U.S.C. § 5121. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section 1947, Pub. L. 87–128, title III, § 317, as added Pub. L. 92–419, title I, § 123, Aug. 30, 1972, 86 Stat. 665, related to insured operating loans.
Section 1948, Pub. L. 87–128, title III, § 318, as added Pub. L. 102–554, § 8, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4146, related to special assistance to certain qualified beginning farmers and ranchers.
Funds under this Act (other than those made available for [section 7784(f) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section7784/f&num=0&edition=prelim)) are intended to supplement, not replace, assistance available to weed management entities, areas, and districts for control or eradication of noxious weeds on Federal lands and non-Federal lands. The provision of funds to a weed management entity under this Act (other than those made available for [section 7784(f) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section7784/f&num=0&edition=prelim)) shall have no effect on the amount of any payment received by a county from the Federal Government under chapter 69 of title 31.
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. The source passage cites 7 U.S.C. § 7701. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
§ 7701. Findings
Congress finds that—
(1) the detection, control, eradication, sup-
pression, prevention, or retardation of the
spread of plant pests or noxious weeds is nec-
essary for the protection of the agriculture,
environment, and economy of the United
States;
(2) biological control is often a desirable,
low-risk means of ridding crops and other
plants of plant pests and noxious weeds, and
its use should be facilitated by the Depart-
ment of Agriculture, other Federal agencies,
and States whenever feasible;
(3) it is the responsibility of the Secretary to
facilitate exports, imports, and interstate
commerce in agricultural products and other
commodities that pose a risk of harboring
plant pests or noxious weeds in ways that will
reduce, to the extent practicable, as deter-
mined by the Secretary, the risk of dissemina-
tion of plant pests or noxious weeds;
(4) decisions affecting imports, exports, and
interstate movement of products regulated
under this chapter shall be based on sound
science;
(5) the smooth movement of enterable
plants, plant products, biological control orga-
nisms, or other articles into, out of, or within
the United States is vital to the United
State’s 1 economy and should be facilitated to
the extent possible;
(6) export markets could be severely im-
pacted by the introduction or spread of plant
pests or noxious weeds into or within the
United States;
(7) the unregulated movement of plant pests,
noxious weeds, plants, certain biological con-
trol organisms, plant products, and articles
capable of harboring plant pests or noxious
weeds could present an unacceptable risk of
introducing or spreading plant pests or nox-
ious weeds;
(8) the existence on any premises in the
United States of a plant pest or noxio
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. The source passage cites 7 U.S.C. § 7701. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.